Global economic development cannot be separated from water resources. Currently, in many developing countries, water resources are facing extreme challenges such as water scarcity, droughts, and other environmental problems.
Further, the increasing amount of wastewater caused by rapid urbanization and industrialization has significantly increased the challenges of both water availability and quality. Therefore, the treatment and recycling of wastewater are increasingly needed to ensure the sufficient availability of water.
Generally, biological methods, such as activated sludge, have been used to treat the pollutants from both industrial and domestic wastewater. However, Such methods have disadvantages such as high energy costs and resulting in an abundant amount of solid waste creating an additional cost to dispose of the produced waste. Therefore, there is a dire need to develop a water treatment technology that can effectively address the increasing challenges of water scarcity sustainably.
In such a scenario , MICRO-NANO BUBBLES (MNBs) has emerged as useful technology to be used in water treatment. MNBs are tiny bubbles with diameters of nanometres and micrometres having several unique physical properties that make them useful for water treatments. For instance, their unique property of having a large surface area enables an efficient mass transfer process between the liquid and gas phases, which helps to facilitate chemical reactions. Such processes lead to the collapse of the MNBs, which produces shock waves in water, generating OH (Hydroxyl) radicals as a result. The water treatment Processes such as electroflotation and dissolved air flotation, generally make use of MNBs. In recent years, the use of such methods has been widely adoped for the decontamination of domestic and industrial water treatment, due to the higher bioactivity of MNBs.
During recent years, research on MNBs for water-related applications has significantly increased, considering their feasibility as a sustainable technology for water treatment.
